![]() ![]() kg wet mass −1 before and after training, respectively) and citrate synthase (24.45 ± 1.89 and 29.31 ± 1.64 mmol.HIIT significantly increased muscle mitochondrial β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (15.44 ± 1.57 and 20.35 ± 1.40 mmol Resting muscle glycogen and triacylglycerol contents were unaffected by HIIT, but net glycogen use was reduced during the posttraining 60-min cycling trial. Exercise whole body fat oxidation increased by 36% (from 15.0 ± 2.4 to 20.4 ± 2.5 g) after HIIT. After HIIT, plasma epinephrine and heart rate were lower during the final 30 min of the 60-min cycling trial at ∼60% pretraining V̇ o 2 peak. Each session consisted of ten 4-min bouts at ∼90% V̇ o 2 peak with 2 min of rest between intervals. ![]() Eight women (22.1 ± 0.2 yr old, 65.0 ± 2.2 kg body wt, 2.36 ± 0.24 l/min V̇ o 2 peak) performed a V̇ o 2 peak test and a 60-min cycling trial at ∼60% V̇ o 2 peak before and after training. ![]() Several examples of tissue engineering applications with the cell scaffold and DDS of growth factors and genes are introduced to emphasize the significance of biomaterial technology in new therapeutic and research fields.Our aim was to examine the effects of seven high-intensity aerobic interval training (HIIT) sessions over 2 wk on skeletal muscle fuel content, mitochondrial enzyme activities, fatty acid transport proteins, peak O 2 consumption (V̇ o 2 peak), and whole body metabolic, hormonal, and cardiovascular responses to exercise. A technology to genetically engineer cells for their functional manipulation is also useful for cell research and therapy. In addition, the scaffold and DDS technologies contribute to develop the basic research of stem cell biology and medicine as well as obtain a large number of cells with a high quality for cell transplantation therapy. ![]() For example, the biomaterial scaffolds and the drug delivery system (DDS) of biosignalling molecules have been investigated to enhance the proliferation and differentiation of cell potential for tissue regeneration. Biomaterial technology plays an important role in the creation of this cell environment. For the new therapeutic strategy, it is indispensable to provide cells with a local environment that enhances and regulates their proliferation and differentiation for cell-based tissue regeneration. Tissue engineering is a newly emerging biomedical technology and methodology to assist and accelerate the regeneration and repairing of defective and damaged tissues based on the natural healing potentials of patients themselves. ![]()
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